TIVA Measurements with Visible and 1064-nm Lasers

Laser stimulation is widely used to reveal defects in ICs through either heating or photonic effects. The standard approach is to use lasers with wavelengthsabovethe bandgap wavelength of silicon to create localized heating andbelowit to generate photocurrent. In practice, most FAs use 1340 nm (IR) lasers for TIVA measurements and either 532 nm (visible) or 1064 nm (near IR) lasers for LIVA analysis. However, as this article demonstrates, visible and near IR lasers can also be used for TIVA analysis and, in some cases, may be preferrable based on signal strength and spatial resolution.